Metallogenic evolution of the Sierras Pampeanas of Córdoba and south of Santiago del Estero: Famatinian, Gondwanic and Andean cycles

Abstract

Five metallogenic stages are proposed for the metallogenic evolution of the Sierra Pampeaneas of Córdoba and south of Santiago del Estero, havin. having already been exposed the first two previous work. Metallogenic stage 3, corresponding to the second orogenic cycle of the Pampean-Famatinian compressive cycle, was characterized by hydrothermal fluid migration and the generation and reactivation of the main structures. At the same time, transformations occurred in deposits of Cr (Fe-Ti), Cu (Au-Ag), Pb-Zn (Ag-Cu-Au), Fe and Cu-Fe (Zn-Au-Ag-Co), and Be-Nb-Ta-W-P-U-ETR -rich pegmatites originated, together with biextended deposits of W-Bi (Mo-Cu-Sn-Zn-Au-B-F-Te), of U in association with granitoids, metasomatic deposits of Fe-Cu (Ti-Au), and Au (Cu-Zn-Pb-As) rich veins and Ag-Pb-Zn (V-Sn-Mn-Cd-Au-Cu-As-Bi-Sb-Co) rich veins. These deposits are correlated with those of orogenic belts. In the course of metallogenic stage 4, corresponding to the Gondwanic extensional cycle and related to the early opening of the Atlantic rift, Mn (Fe-F-Ba) -rich veins, and F (Fe-Mn) -rich veins were formed in association with granitoids. Metallogenic stage 5 developed during the Andean compressive cycle, generating epithermal Au occurrences, and deposits and occurrences of U-V (Mn-Fe) in sedimentary rocks. The successive stages of deposition and mobilization of metallic elements determined mineralized belts in this part of Sierras Pampeanas giving birth to a specialized domain in Cr, W, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ti, Au, Bi, Be, Li, U, Mn, F and B, with Sn, Mo, ETR, Ta, Nb, V, Cd, Ag, Sb, Co, P, As, S, Te, Se and Ba subordinated.