Cretaceous stratigraphy of Sierra de Beauvoir, Fuegian Andes (Argentina)

Abstract

The Cretaceous stratigraphy north of Lago Fagnano, Tierra del Fuego, was poorly known until the last decade of the twentieth century. Stratigraphic, sedimentologic and paleontological observations in Sierra de Beauvoir and surroundings enabled the recognition of two main packages of dominant marine mudstone. 1) A more than 450 m thick package of slate, shale and mudstone, constituted by the revised Lower Cretaceous Beauvoir Formation. A type locality in the core of Sierra de Beauvoir, with diagnostic Aptian-Albian fossils including inoceramids of the Inoceramus neocomiensis group and Aucellina sp., is proposed for this unit. 2) A more than 1,500 m thick, mudstone-dominated, but sandier upward, package consisting of at least three Upper Cretaceous units. Arroyo Castorera Formation (nom. nov.) bears Turonian inoceramids of the I. hobetsensis group and I. cf. lamarcki. Río Rodríguez Formation (nom. nov.) has Coniacian inoceramids, cf. Cremnoceramus sp. Policarpo Formation bears poorly preserved ammonites (Grossouvrites sp., Maorites sp., and Diplomoceras sp.), together with diagnostic Maastrichtian dinocysts (Manumiella spp. complex, Operculodinium cf. azcaratei, some specimens of Fibrocysta-Exochosphaeridium complex, and Palaeocystodinium granulatum

). Both packages were deposited in deep-marine environments and show, as a whole, a coarsening upward trend in the succession of Cretaceous rocks. Beauvoir Formation is part of the back-arc basin-fill of the former Rocas Verdes marginal basin. Arroyo Castorera Formation appears as a transition to the initiating Late Cretaceous Austral foreland basin evolution, clearly represented by turbiditic deposits of Río Rodríguez and Policarpo formations that were progressively accumulated in front of the rising Fuegian Andes.